Are Cover Letters Necessary

Are Cover Letters Necessary Are Cover Letters Necessary? A solid introductory letter is an instrument practically every candidate needs to have in their stockpile. Nonetheless, various individuals trust it is pointless and their rã ©sumã © can remain all alone. Not exclusively is this thought likely a slip-up; its training can refute any opportunity of being considered intensely by possible managers. What a Cover Letter Can Do Set you apart. An introductory letter is a chance to pitch yourself and persuade the business or spotter to meet you face to face. Its primary reason for existing is to â€Å"wow† and demonstrate youre an incredible contender for the activity. Composing an introductory letter is like publicizing a brand. It communicates what sort of colleague you might be. An effective introductory letter warrants a require a meeting, builds the chance of accomplishing the most extreme compensation accessible, and may place you in the best two percent of candidates who are considered for the position. Uncover your character and capacity. On the off chance that your resume is formal and actuality based, the introductory letter may profit by including a touch of â€Å"personality.† By sharing increasingly about yourself and individual style through the tone of your composition, bosses are better ready to decide whether you fit the company’s culture or theory. An introductory letter can construct advance affinity by giving a brief look at who you are as an individual (past an expert exterior). Why a Cover Letter May Be Ignored Its inadequately composed. (That's all anyone needs to know.) A few bosses dont read them. Contingent on the kind of association and the character of upper administration, a few organizations simply examine rã ©sumã ©s. On the off chance that a potential manager publicizes they dont wish to audit an introductory letter, dont trouble keeping in touch with one. Some enrolling patterns show the methodology is obsolete. One late Forbes article contended introductory letters are passã © and not basic to the application and enrollment process. Some think systems administration, experience, and an elegantly composed rã ©sumã © are the main way to capture a vocation. Regardless of a couple of evolving sentiments, introductory letters despite everything have a spot among numerous businesses and spotters. On the off chance that you are needing an elegantly composed introductory letter to assist you with finding that prospective employee meeting, has staff committed to making candidate drafts to get the activity you need. Call today: (800) 573-0840; let’s begin composing!

Lending a Helping Hand Essay Example For Students

Loaning a Helping Hand Essay I discovered her! I discovered her! my heart hustling, palms perspiring. I never met this lady, however I realized she was the one for whom I was looking. Looking stressed, she paced side to side covering her mouth. My underlying response was to get to her and quick. Decisively I raced as far as possible of the stage, down the steps, through the passage and past the stifling smell of pee. Shes escaping, I surged; winded I said â€Å"Excuse me, Miss? † â€Å"Can I converse with you for one second? † At this point, an inquiry as a primary concern might be the reason I was pursuing a lady I had never met. It might appear to be a claim already in the works, however I had a hunch that I expected to converse with her paying little heed to what it took. She took a gander at me, and without letting her state a word I stated, â€Å"You are an astonishing lady, God considers you to be his fortune, and dont you ever overlook that. † She started crying, I proceeded, â€Å"I am on a crucial with my congregation. We have been looking for individuals who we have been directed to us by God to promise them that there are individuals who despite everything care. † At this point she was insanely crying while my accomplice remained next to me; she embraced us and stated, â€Å"You two spared me I was en route to accomplish something moronic. You helped me see the light and halted my arrangements to murder myself. † My heart sunk somewhere inside my chest. At thirteen, I didn't comprehend the intensity of words until she expressed. I didn't comprehend that platitude a couple of words to somebody could prevent them from ending their own life. At that exact instant she transformed me. While helping her, she unknowingly helped me. It was nearly as if I was her blessed messenger and she was mine. She is the motivation behind why I have so much energy and assurance to help those out of luck. After four years, while chipping in at a Senior Center, I understood I was close to a similar train station where I had this experience. Strolling through the station, I understood that she will in every case live in my heart. This lady helped me comprehend that we as a whole have issues, some greater than others. Presently my point of view is to help individuals deprived as opposed to being stuck on my own battles. From that day on, I made a guarantee to myself to consistently help other people, paying little mind to who the individual is or what issues they are confronting. I have perceived how lives can be changed as a result of one individual. My family and I are living instances of simply that. Through political refuge we had the option to show up to this nation with the help and the security of the United States. My definitive objective is to be a piece of the U. S. Movement Department, conceding political refuges to families who are shouting out for help and to be one who changes the lives of others for better. I need to be the little level of understudies who are effective, something that isn't generally known about in Elizabeth. This is just the start of my excursion and I won't stop now.

Plan of Instruction Essays - Factory, Manufacturing, Child Labour

Plan of Instruction: Use PowerPoint to build up foundation information on production lines England during the mid 1800s, particularly the beginning of kid work. Fundamental Question: Were material production lines terrible for the soundness of Child laborers? Present/Review aptitudes of sourcing and authentication. Point out that students of history make claims dependent on proof regularly found in chronicled records. So as to assemble tenable proof, history specialists assess the unwavering quality, or dependability of various recorded sources. They frequently do this by thinking about the perspective and reason for various recorded entertainers and by looking at how changed sources depict chronicled occasions. Today, we are going to take a shot at sourcing and validating various records of what life resembled for kid laborers in 19 th century England. Pass out report An and managing questions. Model sourcing report A. Disclose to understudies that you are demonstrating how you source a report. Model: The main thing I need to do is perused the source at the base of the archive. That implies I need to consider who composed it, when it was composed, who is the crowd, and what the creator's motivation may have been. (Peruse sourcing information). So I see this is from a meeting of a specialist that was led in 1818 by the House of Lords Committee. I am not actually sure what this Committee did, however I think it was an administration body investigating manufacturing plant conditions. I realize that by 1818, there had been a few changes went to attempt to improve industrial facility conditions yet that this date was still from the get-go in the change development. I wager that this meeting will incorporate inquiries regarding production lines. I additionally observe that the meeting is with a specialist. I don't think a lot about this specific specialist, however I expect he is being talked with in light of his aptitude on medical problems. I am uncertain about whether or not he is sw orn to tell the truth, however it appears that on the off chance that he is being met by an administration advisory group so he is bound to be honest. Despite the fact that, we realize that individuals do unquestionably deceive the administration. This is called sourcing an archive. Two by two, understudies read the record and answer the managing questions. Offer out reactions. Ask understudies: Do you think this is a dependable record? Why or why not? Pass out report B Two by two, understudies read archive B and answer controlling inquiries. Offer out reactions. Ask understudies: How is it workable for such comparable sources to offer such various records of plant life? Which, assuming either, of these sources do you discover increasingly reliable? Why? Pass out reports C and D. Understudies read reports C and D and answer controlling inquiries. Offer out reactions to questions Last Discussion: Which do you find most persuading with respect to the focal chronicled question? Why? Which is the least persuading? Why? Have understudies answer the focal recorded inquiry. Dr. Ward (Document A ) Michael Ward was a specialist in Manchester for a long time. His training treated a few kids who worked in Manchester processing plants. He was met about the strength of material assembly line laborers on March 25, 1819, by the House of Lords Committee, an administration association examining security in material production lines. Question: Give the board of trustees data on your insight into the soundness of laborers in cotton ( material) industrial facilities. Answer: Last summer I visited three cotton industrial facilities with Dr. Clough of Prest on and Mr. Barker of Manchester. W e couldn't stay ten minutes in the fac tory without heaving ( hacking) for breath Question: What was your assessment of the wellbeing of cotton manufacturing plant youngsters contrasted with kids in different jobs ( occupations) ? Answer: The wellbeing of the cotton manufacturing plant youngsters is a lot of more terrible than that of some other chil dren. Question: Have you any additional data to provide for the board of trustees? Answer: Cotton processing plants are truly troublesome ( terrible) , both for the wellbeing and ethics of those working in them. They are nurseries ( origination) of infection and bad habit ( wrongdoing) . Question: Have you seen that youngsters in the production lines have mishaps? Answer: When I was a specialist in the medical clinic , kids harmed in mishaps were all the time admitted to the emergency clinics.

Personal Response on Sexual Identity free essay sample

In any case, this has been an enlivening in spite of the fact that I do have much about fundamental information for my age in sexual issues there was still a lot of I didn't have the foggiest idea (Rathus, Nevid Fichner-Rathus, 2005). I grew up a Christian and certain high qualities were set my kin and I, so high that virtues are unsurprising to accept regarding the matter of sex. In spite of the fact that I have an European foundation my folks are essentially German-American. My kin and I were with the thoughts of otherworldliness is a higher priority than strict views.However, this doesn't imply that we didn't have set limitations; never feeling disgrace or ideal information on sexuality. That is the reason when wrapping up the last part of the content I understood that my sexual choices were a positive impact and my family just as myself. Preceding taking this course I unconsciously overlooked a few regions of my sexuality including myself and my significant other. At the point when became hitched I underestimated our sexual relationship and neglected to support it alongside our relationship. Notwithstanding, I was reminded that in any event, being in a decent relationship changes just as our needs in that relationship. Creating and developing as a couple can maintain a strategic distance from issues that can happen over long stretches of disregard. Acknowledging, through perusing the content data, dealing with our sexual needs as opposed to getting some distance from them brought both my significant other and I closer together and improved our sexual relationship (Rathus, Nevid Fichner-Rathus, 2005).Multiple sexual records of issues that worry couples were given in the content, which assisted with enhancing and apply in my own relationship. One of those models was Situational Ethics and the way of thinking of Joseph Fletcher. This is a hypothesis that I find most pleasant when supporting sexual conduct. Supporting individuals since we love them or have encountered love for the person in question bodes well. So by finishing this course it has offered me another viewpoint in basic reasoning and worth framework according to sexuality.Also the material shrouded has helped with getting increasingly mindful in my son’s own sexuality and how to continue in appropriately supporting a solid sexual relationship of his own (Rathus, Nevid Fichner-Rathus, 2005). Another significant comprehension is the manner by which the ecological and recorded impacts have formed my life and thoughts in my sexual encounters. It is my conviction that both the earth and history acquires significant influences forming our perspectives as people on sexual orientation.The authentic perspective impacts how individual view sexuality, likewise it incorporates how the person in question was raised by their folks. The recorded and sexual perspectives are unique in relation to one parent than another on account of their own raising. In this manner, certain sexual angles were progressively adequate for me when they wer e new for my folks to manage. A valid example during my age being a gay has gotten significantly more acknowledged by society than during my parent’s age, and pre-marriage sex was certainly prohibited.However, as a developing and develop singular I could build up my own thoughts through encounters and information, deciding for myself what sexual inclination I needed to pick. Likewise there is the hereditary inclination, which adds to the result and course in which my sex is resolved. So while including the time, hereditary inclinations, social condition, the manner in which my folks raised me, and everyday condition impacts together an individual will discover the recipe of a person’s sexual rientation. Be that as it may, even with these pieces meeting up to make a person’s sexual direction none of them totally decide a person’s sexual decision. The assurance of my sexual orientation personality was preset by my folks giving me the chromosomes XY, gave me an anatomic appearance of a fe male. Additionally being raised in a hetero situation had an impact in turning into a female also. So the connection to the manliness womanliness continuum is that I gangs the two qualities ladylike and masculine.In a few circumstances I will in general hold myself as a mindful and mild-mannered female, is run of the mill for ladylike conduct. Then again I express progressively manly properties like forcefulness and independence, which is run of the mill for manly conduct. Both include the improvement in deciding and supporting my sexual orientation character. The organic viewpoint by the way was acquired from my folks and helped in the improvement of the qualities in turning into a lady, sexual orientation job of supporting and caring individual, and maternal inclinations in dealing with my child.Then the mental point of view as per my mom to which she demands that I was an ordinary young lady with specific practices toward female toys and garments. As a last point, the social condition offers an understanding into the run of the mill social job of an American lady, which was for eordained during childbirth by my social environmental factors (Rathus, Nevid Fichner-Rathus, 2005). Fascination and love, the impacts it has on a relationship is exceptional and with whom the relationship includes can decide its outcome.Case-in-point my better half and I have sustained and developed as a couple from a relationship to a marriage. Obviously there are numerous parts of adoration and fascination in one’s life and I believe that the three most significant segments are Physical appeal, Similarity, and Reciprocity. When looking or meeting a point of view accomplice the main thing, I experience truly fascination, at that point likeness to ensure we have normal intrigue, at that point correspondence since I will in general communicate straightforwardly when an individual is in concurrence with me.Overall I have just encountered these attributes seeing someone for instance the relationship I am as of now in and any later on. I think each stage is huge and mirror the procedure to which my connections will create (Rathus, Nevid Fichner-Rathus, 2005). Besides, sexual dys functions are another course subject that I discovered fascinating. Despite the fact that, it is a sensitive issue to most people I accept that dysfunctions ought to be tended to promptly by a doctor.People will in general delay tending to issues concerning sexual dysfunctions when treated by a specialist it could turn out to be progressively reasonable or restored. The explanation behind the absence of expert assistance around there that individuals experience a sentiment of disgrace, or uneducated in on the issue of sexual dysfunctions, there is anyway one extremely intriguing sexual issue I need to address the Orgasmic issue. A man for the most part encounters a failure to postpone a climax, which implies he can't control early discharge concerning a ladies she encounters anorgasmia, is the absence of a climax in any event, when stimulated.The Orgasmic issue is a turmoil wherein being educated however much as could be expected is important to the two accomplices and should my accomplice or I ever experience this sort of sexual issue then we can re cognize the confusion and look for treatment. Should this issue continue then my accomplice and I shale look for extra clinical assistance in its avoidance. In any case, the course book offered information in distinguishing and tackling this issue by posting directions to which an individual may animate that person before sex or masturbation. Obviously as men matured he will in general experience confusions from orgasmic disarranges and this can prompt issues in a relationship. In addition, if or when these dysfunctions happen numerous arrangements are accessible, for example, conversing with a clinical specialist and looking for guiding to manage the enthusiastic worry of this issue. Managing these issues ahead of time can improve a sexual relationship and offer an opportunity of an enduring marriage (Rathus, Nevid Fichner-Rathus, 2005). When taking this course I previously thought, it was pointless in light of the fact that I was sure and learned about my own sexuality.

50+ Of Your Favorite Contemporary Poetry Collections

50+ Of Your Favorite Contemporary Poetry Collections This giveaway is sponsored by Congotronic by Shane Book and Trickster by Randall Potts. In Book’s polyvocal poetry collection, he brandishes a particularly pleasing form of near-nonsense, mixing African folk history, hip-hop lyrics, and meditations on mind and body. . . . If certain passages challenge readers (“I am after after I am because because I am a burst of was”), they always reward with new, unusual experiences of language and meaning. Book blends the fashionable savvy of pop producer Pharrell Williams, the experimental poetics of Adam Fitzgerald (The Late Parade, 2013), and the disorienting strangeness of playwright Sarah Ruhl.â€"Booklist   Potts writes poems charged with an intense and loving empathy with the living and non-living things of the Earth and the spirit that animates them. His poems are grounded in images and borne aloft by the song of ancient and modern traditions. They are touched by the spirit that moves through the work of Merwin, Trakl, and Tarkovsky, a spirit that endows things with the luminous effects of golden sunlight scattered through leaves, illuminating darkness with hope.â€"Geoffrey Nutter, author, The Rose of January  and Christopher Sunset ____________________ For this giveaway, we asked for your favorite contemporary poetry collections- leaving the definition of contemporary up to you- and here are your answers! Time and Materials by Robert Hass Nights I Let the Tiger Get You by Elizabeth Cantwell Rookery by Traci Brimhall Sun by Michael Palmer King Me by Roger Reeves Your Own, Sylvia: A Verse Portrait of Sylvia Plath by Stephanie Hemphill The Fifty Minute Mermaid  by Nuala Ni Dhomhnaill Frameless Windows, Squares of Light by Cathy Song Jelly Roll by Kevin Young Sleeping on the Wing by Kenneth Koch and Kate Ferrell Pilgrim by David Whyte What the Living Do by Marie Howe Emergency Kit: Poems for Strange Times by Jo Shapcott and Matthew Sweeney Getting Stitches by Rudy K. Francisco The Cinnamon Peeler by Michael Ondaatje Gray Matter by Sarah Michas-Martin Motherland Fatherland Homelandsexuals by Patricia Lockwood No Matter the Wreckage by Sarah Kay Missing You, Metropolis by Gary Jackson Blowout by Denise Duhamel Crush by Richard Siken What have you done to our ears to make us hear echoes? by Arlene Kim Senegal Taxi by Juan Felipe Herrera In Search of Midnight by Mike McGee The Madness Vase by Andrea Gibson Forgiveness Parade by Jeffery McDaniel Bellocqs Ophelia by Natasha Tretheway Gentleman Practice by Buddy Wakefield Dear Future Boyfriend by  Cristin OKeefe Aptowicz Bicentennial: Poems by Dan Chiasson Human Dark With Sugar by Brenda Shaughnessy The Rhizome as a Field of Broken Bones by Margaret Randall 10,000 Wallpapers by Matt Shears Life on Mars by Tracy K. Smith Breaking Poems by  Suheir Hammad Bitters by Rebecca Seiferle Songs of a Clerk by Gary Beck The Silence of Doorways by Sharon Venezio God Particles by Thomas Lux Anne Stevensons Poems 1955-2005 Words for Empty and Words for Full by Bob Hicok Angle of Yaw by Ben Lerner Wind in a Box by Terrance Hayes Love Poems by Nikki Giovanni Slamma Lamma Ding Dong by Dan Leamen The Trouble with Poetry by Billy Collins Blind Huber by Nick Flynn Selected Poems by  Bob Schneider Now Youre the Enemy by James Allen Hall Essays Against Ruin by Brian Clements The Complete Works of Edna St. Vincent Millay Men in Groups by Aaron Smith Broetry by Brian McGackin New Shoes on a Dead Horse by Sierra DeMulder

The Mortal God A Comparative Analysis - Literature Essay Samples

The leadership of the Leviathan, or, the ‘mortal god’, is a central theme in Thomas Hobbes’ theoretical masterpiece, The Leviathan. Literally, the word Leviathan comes from the Hebrew word livyathan, which etymologically denotes â€Å"to wind, turn, twist†[1]. In biblical tradition, it refers to the â€Å"dragon, serpent, huge sea animal†[2] in the book of Job. Leviathan, a text written in the 17th century CE, proposes a conceptual political structure designed to achieve an ideal authority that best fits human nature. Through his famous notion of the hypothetical human State of Nature, Hobbes rationally constructs that the best government rules like a mortal god. Other political theorists, such as Aristotle (4th century BCE) and Machiavelli (15th and 16th century CE), have developed their own conceptions of human nature and the ideal political realm suitable for it. Particularly, the views of Aristotle in Politics, and Machiavelli in The Prince and T he Discourses compare and contrast with Hobbes’ proposed political project. Although there are some commonalities in their understandings of human nature and political authority, Machiavelli and Aristotle’s proposed authorities mainly conflict with Hobbes’ conceptual Leviathan, because of the differing goals each theorist means to achieve through their respective sovereigns. This comparative analysis will explore the views of Hobbes, Machiavelli and Aristotle on the human nature, the powers of the governing sovereign, the use of religion in politics, and the overall goals that each philosopher means to achieve. In order to hypothetically establish the hegemonic leadership of one sovereign with unmatched power, Hobbes first discusses human nature in the Leviathan. The purpose of an all-powerful authority is attain â€Å"peace and common defence† (Leviathan, part 2, ch. 17), and only through understanding the desires and aggressions of man is the establishment of peace possible. An aspect of human nature that is essential to Hobbes in establishing a Leviathan is equality – humans are, more or less, equally vulnerable and equally dangerous – as he explains, â€Å"Nature hath made men so equal in the faculties of body and mind as that, though there be found one man sometimes manifestly stronger in body or of quicker mind than another†¦ the weakest has strength enough to kill the strongest, either by secret machination or by confederacy with others that are in the same danger with himself† (Leviathan, part 1, ch. 13). Thus, humans are roughly equal in their poten tial danger to one another, rendering characteristics such as age, gender, and race irrelevant in Hobbes’ State of Nature. Later in the Leviathan, Hobbes argues that because of this equality, all men in the hypothetical State of Nature must unvaryingly submit to the conditions of peace with each other, as he concludes, â€Å"If nature therefore have made men equal, that equality is to be acknowledged: or if nature have made men unequal, yet because men that think themselves equal will not enter into conditions of peace, but upon equal terms, such equality must be admitted †¦ every man acknowledge another for his equal by nature† (Leviathan, part 1, ch. 15). Only through entering on peaceful terms equally can a community exit the relentless State of Nature and move towards the establishment of a Leviathan. Therefore, through this reasoning, Hobbes believes that the equality of man in nature is vital in establishing the sovereign. Aristotle, however, does not believe that mankind is equal by nature. Initially, it is important to understand that Aristotle views humans as political creatures intended for city life, but there is a difference in status in the Aristotelian conception of society. Instead of deducing his argument through the vulnerabilities of man on the communal scale like Hobbes’ State of Nature, Aristotle in Politics establishes a system of authority within the most basic societal unit: the household. The household is a fundamental component of the polis, as Aristotle explains, â€Å"we must consider the management of the household; for every city is composed of household† (Politics, Book 1, Part B, 1253b1). Without insuring the proper management of animate and inanimate property, a man’s active participation in the political life is not possible, because a man’s household must first be in relative order. Here, Aristotle creates the hierarchy of the complete household, which â€Å"consists of slaves and freemen† (Politics, Book 1, Part B, 1253b1), each of which naturally incline towards slavery or mastery. Politics argues that nature selects one or the other into slavery, â€Å"It is nature’s intention also to erect a physical difference between the bodies of freemen and those of the slaves, giving the latter strength for the menial duties of life, but making the former upright in carriage and†¦ useful for the various purposes of civic life† (Politics, Book 1, Part B, 1254b27). Consequently, Aristotle believes that nature pushes slaves to pursue physical tasks in maintenance of the household’s property, and freeborn masters are naturally inclined to have a political life and manage their affairs affectively. Moreover, he views freeborn males as superior to freeborn females, as he states, â€Å"the relation of male to female is naturally that of the superior to the inferior, of the ruling to the ruled. This general principle must similarly hold good of all human beings generally† (Politics, Book 1, Part B, 1254b13). His reasoning behind the inferiority of females is their alleged natural lack of forethought and prudence, making women unable to enter the political life, despite their mental faculty of deliberation (Politics, Book 1, Part B, 1260a12). In this process, however, Aristotle erects a female freeborn master in the household to rule over children and slaves when the freeborn male is not present. Therefore, it is correct to say that Aristotle views humans in a hierarchy that nature intends and inclines mankind towards, and disagrees with Hobbes’ simple equality of all humanity. Interestingly, Hobbes responds in disagreement to Aristotle’s separation of freeborn men and slaves. He writes, â€Å"Aristotle in the first book of his Politics, for a foundation of his doctrine, maketh men by nature, some worthy to command†¦ others to serve†¦ as master and servant were not introduced by consent of men, but by difference of wit, which is not only against reason, but also against experience. For there are very few so foolish that had not rather govern themselves than be governed by others† (Leviathan, part 1, chapter 15). Here, Hobbes explains that though Aristotle argues that freeborn men and slaves are different by nature, the idea that slaves would submit to masters by their own consent is â€Å"foolish† and unrealistic. The Leviathan contends that humans are self-interested, and thus, would naturally fight to serve themselves rather than succumb to other men. Machiavelli’s views on human nature somewhat agree with Hobbes’, but they still have unique differences. Machiavelli, too, argues in the Prince that humans are self-interested creatures, by stating â€Å"For one can generally say this about men: that they are ungrateful, fickle, simulators and deceivers, avoiders of danger, greedy for gain†¦ when it [danger] comes nearer to you, they turn away.† (The Prince, ch. 17, pp. 131) Here, he explains that although it is ideal for a Prince to be loved and feared by his subjects, men are ultimately selfish and self-interested, and will go against the Prince when he is endangered. However, Machiavelli views human civilizations as one that is constantly in a cycle, where societies ultimately change and evolve throughout time, both positively or negatively (The Discourses, ch. 2, pp. 179) – thus, human society is capable of progressing or degrading as the cycle continues, and is not permanently frozen, nor complet ely open-ended. A vital keystone, moreover, in Machiavellian theory is the role of Fortune (sometimes translated as ‘Fortuna’) in one’s political life. Fortune is a hypothetical goddess Machiavelli introduces in the Prince who has the ability cause the rise and fall of leaders by her will. She favours young, aggressive risk-takers in the political realm, as the Prince explains â€Å"she more often allows herself to be taken over by men who are impetuous than by those who make cold advances; and then, being a woman, she is always the friend of young men, for they are less cautious, more aggressive† (The Prince, chapter 25, pp. 162). Accordingly, Fortune gives power to those who interest her through hasty, bold courage. Her power over men is inordinate, as she â€Å"is the arbiter of one half of our actions† (The Prince, chapter 25, pp. 159); but her actions are not wholly random, as she allows men to beat her into submission and command her with audacity if she allow s it (The Prince, chapter 25, pp. 162). An extensive example Machiavelli gives to demonstrate the power of Fortune is found in the life of Castruccio Castracani of Lucca, who was guided to become a conqueror and achieve glory in a great military project. By chance (or Fortune), Castruccio’s life was saved several times and his success grew, until Fortune chose to cause him to fail at the end of his life. â€Å"But Fortune, hostile to his glory, took his life away from him instead of giving it to him – it interrupted those plans that Castruccio had intended to carry out for a long time, plans that only death could have prevented him from carrying out† (The Life of Castruccio Castracani, pp. 539). Swiftly, Castruccio was killed by a cold chill and high fever at the height of his military success, rendering his plans only to dismay. This element, therefore, demonstrates that Fortune plays a major role in Machiavelli’s human nature and the rise and fall of le aders; an element that is nonexistent in the works of Hobbes. By establishing a standard for human nature and the general equality of man, Hobbes is able to launch his Leviathan: a single sovereign that rules like a mortal god. Because of the relentlessness of the State of Nature, Hobbes explains, the only way for a community to end the war of all against all is by mutual consent – through disarming weapons and erecting natural laws – to not harm one another. They do this out of â€Å"foresight of their own preservation† (The Leviathan, part 2, ch. 17), because without common accord, the State of Nature would simply continue never endingly. Thus, the people surrender some of their liberties to a sovereign to insure mutual peace for the greater good, as Hobbes explains â€Å"The only way to erect such a common power, as may be able to defend them from the invasion of foreigners, and the injuries of one another†¦ to confer all their power and strength upon one man, or upon one assembly of men, that may reduce all their wills, by plurality of voices, unto one will† (The Leviathan, part 2, ch. 17). This excerpt is significant, because it demonstrates how men are to give their liberties to one sovereign, preferably one man, to protect a community from itself and others. Like so, Hobbes’ mortal god is created, as equitably precarious men equally confer powers to establish the Leviathan naturally, for the purpose of creating order. The manufactured strength of this sovereign is unchallenged, as Hobbes continues, â€Å"one person, of whose acts a great multitude†¦ to the end he may use the strength and means of them all as he shall think expedient for their peace and common defence† (The Leviathan, part 2, ch. 17). Therefore, the sovereign focuses the power of all into a singular authority responsible for maintaining peace. The concept of a sovereign as one man, or a body of men, is not peculiar to Aristotle in his Politics. In his famous typology, Aristotle identifies that a constitutional polis can be ruled by either three valid authorities, or the corrupted versions these three respectively. â€Å"The civic body in every city is the sovereign; and the sovereign must necessarily be either One, or Few, or Many †¦ [if they] rule with a view to the common interest, the constitutions under which they do so must necessarily be right constitutions† (Politics, Book 3, Part 7, 1279a25). Here, he argues that a polis can be governed either by an individual, a group of individuals, or the many – either way, if the sovereign governs in the interest of the community, then the city’s constitution is inherently good. In this respect, Aristotle agrees with The Leviathan’s mortal god, as the Hobbesian authority rules by the consent of the many for the sake of peace; a quality that is i n the community’s best self-interest for safety and longevity. A Leviathan, then, is not a tyrant, but rather, he is a king. Aristotle goes on to say that although a singular monarchy, which The Leviathan inclines towards but does not necessitate, can be an ideal form of governance, it is not the most suitable form of government in a densely populated city; â€Å"it is possible for one man, or a few, to be of outstanding excellence; but when it comes to a large number, we can hardly expect precision in all the varieties of excellence.† (Politics, Book 3, Part 7, 1279a25) In context, Aristotle purports that it is difficult for one or few men to be outstanding in all qualities in the midst of a large group of men. Aristotle also argues that a singular monarchy is a primitive power not found in modern politics, as he says, â€Å"Kingships do not occur nowadays and any government of that type which emerges today is a personal government or tyranny.† (Politics, Book 5, Part 11, 1312b38). Therefore, he views kingship as a governmental form best fit for smaller or pre-modern societies, while Hobbes’ State of Nature does not specify a size for that community, nor time period, and thus, a singular sovereign is preferred for all communities in Hobbesian theory. Aristotle does present his own models of epitome authorities for the polis described in his Politics. The best form of government, he says, is an aristocracy, â€Å"among forms of government by a few people (but more than one) it is called Aristocracy – the name being given to this species either because the best are the rulers, or because its object is what is best for the city and its members† (Politics, Book 3, Part 7, 1279a25). Hence, as Aristotle exclaims, aristocracy is best when ruled by those with freedom, property, and merit (Politics, Book 3, Part 9, 12781a2), as it is the governance of the best (aristoi). The most applicable authority, though, according to Aristotle, is polity, also known as the mixed regime, as it the most practical system. Polity is the rule of the middle class of citizens, who ideally would form the majority of a large polis, as Aristotle explains, â€Å"the best form of political association is one where power is vested in the middle cla ss, and, secondly, that good government is attainable in those cities where there is a large middle class †¦ enough to be stronger than either of them singly†¦ [it] will prevent either of the opposing extremes from becoming dominant.† (Politics, Book 4, 1295b34) Meaning, the middle class’ judgment would be the least extreme in comparison to the contentious rich and poor, while still including a majority or significant minority of the polis in the ruling process. This superiority of the middle class is preferred by Aristotle, because of his belief that the â€Å"over-wealthy† and â€Å"over-poor† are arrogant and petty respectively (Politics, Book 4, 1294a34). This is relevant to consider when comparing Aristotle to Hobbes on the subject of authoritarian rule, because Aristotle’s theory contains both a societal hierarchy and a division of classes, while in Hobbes’ State of Nature, these dissections do not exist. A complete parallel, then, between the two concepts of authority is not possible. However, as it has been established above, the sovereign in Aristotle’s polis (whether it be a king, aristocracy, or polity) has complete authority when serving the common good, much like Hobbes’ mortal god. Therefore, the two theorists have points of similarity and points of contrast. Machiavelli, on the other hand, believes that a single Prince is best for a nation in need of unity and direction. He argues that all political authorities can be divided into two major categories: principalities, which entail the leadership of a single sovereign, and republics, which entails rule by citizens. The Prince is dedicated to Prince Lorenzo, and thus, the focus of the work is on principalities, and how they are to succeed (The Prince, ch. 2 pp. 79). At a period of friction between a nation’s peoples, like Italy at Machiavelli’s time, or at a time of foreign domination, a Prince is necessary in seizing power and establishing a principality, as per the examples of Moses, Cyrus, Romulus, and Theseus throughout the Prince, who, if they had been unarmed, they â€Å"could not have made their institutions long respected† (The Prince, ch. 6, pp. 95). Specifically, a Prince must be proficient in the use of violence, as Machiavelli explains, â€Å"if they are forced to beg or are able to use power in conducting affairs†¦ In the first case, they always end up badly and never accomplish anything; but when they lean on their own resources and can use power, then only seldom do they find themselves in peril. From this comes the fact that all armed prophets were vict orious and the unarmed came to ruin† (The Prince, ch. 6, pp. 94-95). Meaning, all who try to seize authority through solely peaceful means and prayer have failed, and therefore, a Prince must use violence when it is necessary. In relation to Hobbes, Machiavelli’s Prince has supreme authority (like a mortal god) once he seizes it, but there is a difference in how the sovereign attains this power. It is not at the peaceful consent of the people, but instead, through coercion and good Fortune. However, principality for Machiavelli is a means for the eventual establishment of a republic, and he expands on this idea in The Discourses. The singular Prince is successful only if he plans to fulfill the political project of creating law-abiding and law-creating citizens, and therefore, a republic: â€Å"one man alone†¦ a prudent founder of a republic, one whose intention it is to govern for the common good and not in his own interest, not for his heirs but for the sake of the fatherland, should try to have the authority all to himself; nor will a wise mind ever reproach anyone for some extraordinary action performed in order to found a kingdom or to institute a republic.† (The Discourses, ch. 9, pp. 200) This vital passage elucidates that although the Prince is an individual with extraordinary power, the ideal purpose of his rule is to found a republic, for the good of his nation, rather than be succeeded hereditarily. In the same chapter, Hobbes cites Romulus’ killing of his brother Remus, and his ally Tatius, and justifies, â€Å"It is, indeed, fitting that while the action accuses him, the result excuses him; and when this result is good, as it was with Romulus, it will always excuse him† (The Discourses, ch. 9, pp. 200-201). Thus, the killing off of other leaders in the principalities was necessary in the establishment of one sovereign, and later, the Roman republic. Therefore, although the Prince and the Leviathan both hold unmatched authority and rule like mortal gods, the purpose of the Prince’s power in Machiavelli is to establish republican rule, while Hobbes’ Leviathan exists to insure peace. In establishing his Leviathan, Hobbes extensively addresses the issues revolving religion, its difficulties, and its usages, as he argues that religion can be a vital pawn of a sovereign. Hobbes sees religion as something unique to mankind, and believes that an eminent degree of religiosity cannot be found in other creatures (The Leviathan, part 1, ch. 7). Firstly, he is clear in saying that one does not, in full actuality, know what the true religion is, as he writes â€Å"men not knowing that such apparitions are nothing else but creatures of the fancy, think to be real and external substances, and therefore call them ghosts†¦ the opinion that such spirits were incorporeal, or immaterial, could never enter into the mind of any man by nature† (The Leviathan, part 1, ch. 7). Thus, Hobbes explains that communication with the spiritual realm is contradictory, because spirits themselves (such as God) are infinite, and therefore, incomprehensible to one’s understanding . Secondly, the Leviathan argues that religion has been used to mobilize leadership and perpetuate loyalties. He says, â€Å"But both sorts have done it with a purpose to make those men that relied on them the more apt to obedience, laws, peace, charity, and civil society. So that the religion of the former sort is a part of human politics; and teacheth part of the duty which earthly kings require of their subjects.† (The Leviathan, part 1, ch. 7) Meaning, both â€Å"true† and â€Å"false† religions have made men more submissive to a human spiritual authority believed to be a representative of gods, nymphs, or spirits. Finally, Hobbes argues that the use of religion had been vital in the creation of Commonwealths, as he contends, â€Å"And by these, and such other institutions, they obtained in order to their end, which was the peace of the Commonwealth, that the common †¦ were the less apt to mutiny against their governors†. Therefore, through the inst itutions of religion, that Hobbes says Numa, the founder of Peru, and Mahomet had used, peace had been achieved, and threat of rebellion against religious sovereigns had been minimized. Consequently, Hobbes believes that while religion has its dangers and superstitions, it can be a vital keystone in the creation of a Leviathan with solid authority through religious institution. Aristotle’s view on religion is not an instrumental element to his political theory, but nonetheless, he recognizes the role of religion in the city, as well as its misuse as a political tool. In Book 6 of his Politics, Aristotle produces a list of six essential offices required for a functional city, and they include â€Å"the functions connected with public worship, military matters, revenue and expenditure, the market-place, the city centre, the harbours, and the countryside† (Politics, Book 6, Part 8, 1322b29). The religion of the city, then, becomes one of its vital offices set up for the spiritual life of the citizens. He repeats the relevancy of establishing a religious body in the polis again in Book 7, as he writes, â€Å"The fifth (but really first) is an establishmen t for the service of the gods, or, as it is called, public worship.† (Politics, Book 7, Part 8, 1328b2) However, contrary to Hobbes, Aristotle does not necessitate the use of religion for the sovereign body of the polis in Politics, despite its function in the city. Instead, he famously identifies the use of religion as a means for tyrants to maintain power, â€Å"He should always show a particular zeal in the cult of the gods. People are less afraid of being treated unjustly by those of this sort, that is if they think that the ruler is god-fearing and pays some regard to the gods; and they are less ready to conspire against him, if they feel that the gods themselves are his friends.† (Politics, Book 5, Part 11, 1314b35) Hence, in tyranny, Aristotle’s negative form of singular rule, religion is used as a tool for the sovereign to appear godly, and prevent insurrection against his corrupt rule. Therefore, both Aristotle and Hobbes are in agreement that religion c an be used to mould communal loyalty to a sovereign, but disagree on the legitimacy of this tactic. In Machiavelli’s Prince and Discourses, a sovereign’s use of religion is vital for the success of his community. Of Machiavelli’s four most excellent men, Moses was the first mentioned, as the lawgiver in Judeo-Christian canon. He explains, â€Å"It was necessary, therefore, to Moses that he should find the people of Israel in Egypt enslaved and oppressed by the Egyptians, in order that they should be disposed to follow him and escape this servitude†¦ These opportunities, therefore, made these men successful, and their outstanding ingenuity made that opportunity known to them, whereby their nations were ennobled and became prosperous† (The Prince, ch. 6, pp. 93) The biblical Moses had led the Israelite exodus from Egypt, created a system of laws and rituals, and sown the seeds of a free people, all in the name of religion, and Machiavelli here acknowledges that. Contrary to priestly religious figures, Moses had utilized violence and coercion, and succ essfully built a nation and religion – such are vital qualities for Machiavelli’s Prince. Moreover, in his Discourses, Machiavelli gives the example of Numa Pompilius, the successor to Romulus, selected by the Roman republic. Interestingly, Numa was also the founder of the Roman republic’s religion, one with glaring similarities to Greek mythology. The Discourses continue, â€Å"Numa found the Roman people most undisciplined, and since he wanted to bring them to civil obedience by means of the arts of peace, he turned to religion as an absolutely necessary institution for the maintenance of a civic government†¦ for many centuries never was there more fear of God than in that republic† (The Discourses, ch. 11, pp. 207). Accordingly, Machiavelli praises Numa for taming the unruly (and potentially dangerous, pp.208) behaviour of his people through the institution of religion, and for that reason, he argued that Rome was more indebted to Numa (The Discou rses, ch. 11, pp. 208). Even in the Prince, Machiavelli argues that a sovereign must appear to be religious rather than against religion (The Prince, ch. 18, pp. 135). Therefore, Machiavelli is in agreement with the Hobbesian perspective that the sovereign mortal god would use religion to control and guide the people into order. Finally, the differing goals Hobbes, Aristotle, and Machiavelli impose on their sovereigns are important to consider, as they shed their arguments analyzed above. For Hobbes, the underlying purpose of his Leviathan is the establishment of peace. Through the equal and common consent of all humans in the State of Nature, a Leviathan is created, as Hobbes famously states, â€Å"This is the generation of that great LEVIATHAN, or rather, to speak more reverently, of that mortal god to which we owe, under the immortal God, our peace and defence† (The Leviathan, part 2, ch. 17). Thus, a human mortal, who is empowered by the people, rules with the power of a divine god, for their protection and the maintenance of peace. As soon as the Leviathan’s interest secedes from that of the Commonwealth, he is to be replaced. On the other hand, the purpose of Aristotle’s ideal government, whether it is the preferred aristocracy or the practical polity, is to accentuate and maximize the human potential (telos). He argues that just as an acorn has the telos to become an oak tree, human beings, who are naturally political creatures, can live the good life as citizens. â€Å"The purpose of the city is the good life, and these institutions are means to that end. A city is constituted by the association of families and villages in a perfect and self-sufficing existence; and such an existence, on our definition, consists in living a happy and truly valuable life.† (Politics, Book 3, Part 9, 1280b29) Therefore, the purpose of the city and the leadership thereof is to progress citizens and rule in their best interest. Lastly, the goal of Machiavelli’s Prince is to achieve political immortality and glory. It is the job of future generations to bestow glory on a Prince, and therefore, slaves must become citizens, and principalities must become republics, as Machiavelli explains, to achieve immortality: â€Å"God does not wish to do everything, in order not to take from us our free will and that part of the glory which is ours† (The Prince, ch. 26, pp. 163). Henceforth, the differing goal of each political theorist creates differing views on the sovereign and his purpose: Hobbes vouches for peace, Aristotle for the good life, and Machiavelli for glory. In conclusion, it has become apparent that through their respective views on human nature, the power of the sovereign, the use of religion, and the goals intended for each authority, Aristotle and Machiavelli would both respectively agree with some of Hobbes’ conclusions, and disagree with others. Overall, the leadership of Hobbesà ¢â‚¬â„¢ Leviathan, a man or assembly of men the rules like a mortal god, is one that is unique to The Leviathan, as the three political theorists write with their own intentions, interests, and in their own eras. Although they all agree on the proposed existence of a powerful sovereign, there is disagreement on the means, ends, and goals. Surely, the quest to find the most ideal society is one that has been pursued for centuries in the past, and this quest is very likely to continue for many more years to come. [1] Online Etymology Dictionary, http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=leviathan [2] Ibid

Legalization of Marijuana Essay - 1606 Words

Marijuana is a shredded mix of dry flowers, stems and the seeds of a plant called cannabis and people usually smoke it in the form of cigarettes for relaxation. Ever since marijuana hit mainstream America over 30 years ago, government prohibition of it has been the subject of an ongoing debate. Should marijuana be legalized? Proponents of marijuana argue that there are numerous medical benefits and that the drug is not more harmful than tobacco or alcohol. Therefore, prohibiting it intrudes on personal freedom. On the other hand, opponents argue that marijuana is too dangerous; its legalization would increase the chances of the drug falling into the hands of kids and that marijuana use often progresses to the use of more dangerous drugs†¦show more content†¦It is unfair to treat marijuana users more harshly under the law than users of alcohol or tobacco. Prohibiting its use intrudes on personal freedom. Moreover, legal prohibition will not prevent users from consuming the dr ug. Neither does it stop traffickers from producing and selling it. The U.S Centers for Disease Control reports that every year in the United States, approximately 79,000 deaths are attributable to excessive alcohol use, making it the third leading lifestyle-related cause of death for the nation (Centers for Disease Control). For marijuana, the number of â€Å"marijuana-induced deaths† is zero. This clearly shows that alcohol is far more dangerous than marijuana. If no restrictions are placed on the consumption of alcohol, why should the sale and consumption of marijuana be prohibited? Since marijuana is not a lethal drug, not toxic to human beings and not as addictive as alcohol or tobacco and since marijuana overdoses are almost impossible, it should be legalized. Legalizing marijuana will reduce the use of alcohol and tobacco which are far more dangerous than marijuana since they have a major impact on morbidity and mortality in the US. It is a known fact that alcohol is a contributing factor not only in most traffic accidents and traffic deaths but also in murders, assaults and other crime while tobacco use causes over 400,000 deaths. In 2008, the American Medical Association (AMA) adopted a report draftedShow MoreRelatedThe Legalization Of Marijuana Legalization1061 Words   |  5 PagesThe Legalization of Cannabis in Ohio Marijuana is a controversial topic all across the United States. Recently marijuana has been voted on, legalized, and denied legalization in multiple states. There are still more states trying to fight the green fight for marijuana. The fight for legalization hasn’t been an easy one for cannabis supporters; they have been fighting tooth and nail to make it happen. 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Recreational marijuana is being regulated and monitored like alcohol; you must be at least 21 years old to make a purchase. The drug, which is controversial in many states’ legislations, is currently l egal for medical useRead MoreThe Legalization of Marijuana628 Words   |  2 PagesThe Legalization of Marijuana Marijuana, the plant of the cannabis, has been around since the early 1900’s. Throughout history, marijuana has been used illegally, for both recreational and medical uses. Recently, marijuana has been used for medicinal purposes, like aiding HIV/AIDs patients, healing migraines and controlling nausea caused by chemotherapy. Today, there are currently 21 American states that have legalized medicinal marijuana including two states that have legalized recreational marijuana

A Research On Parenting Aspects Of Military Connected...

Methodology We used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses Approach (PRISMA) for generating and systematically reviewing and analyzing original published studies on military families, their children’s behaviors, and parenting interventions. Key definitions and MeSH terms used were military personnel, parent, parenting, child-rearing, veteran, and parent-child intervention. Inclusion criteria for this review consisted the study needed to be original research addressing parenting aspects of military connected families and their children with preschool children as the part or central focus of the sample, or testing an intervention study that addressed these concepts. Exclusion criteria consisted of omitting studies of military connected families without preschool children, and non-English-language and non US military samples. After determining the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the terms were entered into PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, PsychInfo, Web of Science, and EMbase for the years 2001-2014, yielding over 11,800 records. Further search within the reference lists and bibliographies of the analyzed studies and previous review articles on similar subjects revealed two additional studies that were included in the final review. This resulted in 21 published studies meeting criteria. Please see figure 1 for details of research synthesis method. Discussion Deployment effects and children health outcomes. The current literature reveals both parentShow MoreRelatedThe Effects of Socio-Economic Status on Students Achievements in Biology13494 Words   |  54 Pagesand secondary level which caused differential academic performance of students. In the quest of finding survival feet, the nation has evolved series of socio-economic and educational measures but these have not improved the socio-economic status of families in the country. It’s within this situation that this study examine the correlates of socio-economic status and students achievement in biology in few selected public and private schools in Ifako-ijaye Local government area of Lagos A person’s educationRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesFoundations of Organization Structure 479 v vi BRIEF CONTENTS 4 The Organization System 16 Organizational Culture 511 17 Human Resource Policies and Practices 543 18 Organizational Change and Stress Management 577 Appendix A Research in Organizational Behavior Comprehensive Cases Indexes Glindex 637 663 616 623 Contents Preface xxii 1 1 Introduction What Is Organizational Behavior? 3 The Importance of Interpersonal Skills 4 What Managers Do 5 ManagementRead MoreMedicare Policy Analysis447966 Words   |  1792 PagesIncome Medicare Beneficiaries Subtitle B—Reducing Health Disparities Subtitle C—Miscellaneous Improvements TITLE III—PROMOTING PRIMARY CARE, MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES, AND COORDINATED CARE TITLE IV—QUALITY Subtitle A—Comparative Effectiveness Research Subtitle B—Nursing Home Transparency Subtitle C—Quality Measurements Subtitle D—Physician Payments Sunshine Provision Subtitle E—Public Reporting on Health Care-Associated Infections TITLE V—MEDICARE GRADUATE MEDICAL EDUCATION TITLE VI—PROGRAM

Things Fall Apart and Its Themes - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1326 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2019/05/08 Category Literature Essay Level High school Topics: Things Fall Apart Essay Did you like this example? Themes are the fundamental and universal idea in literature works and Things Fall Apart is no exception to this rule. This novel is presented to the readers from the point of view of a man who goes by the name of Okonkwo and the way he deals with the effects of colonization. Nigeria became colonized by Britain in 1901 where the novel sets in, while we are witnesses of the changes his village goes through as the colonization of his country begins and forced tolerance is set towards their intruders and forms of lifestyle. Okonkwos life falls apart as he resigns himself to watch his family, values, and culture be threatened and not be able to fight against it. Things Fall Apart manages to depict a world from before and after said events by showing the reader how the people of Umuofia, one of nine villages located in a city in Nigeria, deal with the events and make an effort to defeat it while trying to keep alive the ideologies of both cultures. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Things Fall Apart and Its Themes" essay for you Create order The tension and struggle between change and tradition is noticeable as we advance through the novel and discover how cultural beliefs and popular influence affect various characters. Chinua Achebe achieved to deliver the concept of culture suffering because of change and modern ways as he presents Unoka, father of the protagonist, straying away from the villages traditions and making an attempt to change them for personal benefit. One of the traits Umuofia values is hard work and perseverance, none of which Unoka has. Unoka, for what was his fathers name, had died ten years ago. In his lazy and improvident was quite incapable of thinking about tomorrow (4 Achebe). This makes Okonkwo resist change and avoid any possible relationship to it, striving to keep the tradition within his family with the intention to follow it verbatim. The cultural belief of manliness that Things Fall Apart depicts is one of the main reasons for people to resist change at all costs and avoid the eradication of their traditions. The protagonist himself believes that the new customs are not manly enough for them to follow. And, to some extent, he rejects change over his traditions because of fear of losing societal status, as proven in the text, Okonkwo wanted his son to be a great farmer and a great man. He would stamp out the disquieting signs of laziness which he thought he already saw in him (33 Achebe). As the mans great fear of change and modern ways strive, he condemns himself to not show any possible emotion towards anyone as a strategy to make his son a better person according to the norms and expectations they society they live in demands, forgetting any possible or slight change to said rules. Changes in Umuofia are rare, but not unheard of and not socially accepted during the early stages of the novel, but that soon changes as the first signs of Western population start to make themselves more noticeable when the arrivals of missionaries and the introduction of their beliefs, customs, and traditions along with a government cause a certain uneasiness and confusion in the people of the village: But he was a man of commanding presence and the clansmen listened to him. He said he was one of them, as they could see from his language. The other four black men were also his brothers, although one of them did not speak Ibo. The white man was also their brother because they were all sons of God. And he told them about his new God, the Creator of all the world and all the men and women. He told them that they worshiped false gods, gods of wood and stone. A deep murmur went through the crowd when he said this. (145 Achebe) At the end of this paragraph we can appreciate how the people of Umuofia quickly start to question the mans words. He claims that everything the village had imposed was false and suggested a change. A change towards what he believed was right. Things fall apart; the centre cannot hold; Mere anarchy is loosed upon the world, The blood dimmed tide is loosed, and everywhere The ceremony of innocence is drowned, The best lack all conviction, while the worst Are full of passionate intensity. (3-8 Butler) Through the poem after which Achebe named his novel, The Second Coming written by William Butler, we are presented with a new but familiar point of view towards change. The best lack conviction, while the worst are full of passionate intensity is another reflection on how the people from the clan unconsciously let the people from another culture have power over them even after they resist change and prefer their traditions over the new ones. Not only are we able to experience how people of Umuofia deal with change between themselves and their people, but also, a point of view from the white men. The people from Nigeria refuse to accept the customs and beliefs from another culture. From this we can assume that people from a Western civilization experienced the same kind of refusal towards Igbo culture as Nigerian residents felt towards them, giving us a perfect depiction of the struggle between change and tradition and how it is felt and dealt with by both. While one is constantly caught between embracing or resisting change and the other rejects and despise change, leading them to twist others beliefs and thoughts for them not to do so as a matter of personal benefit. Throughout history and the different cultures that were developed during those times, the definition of masculinity tends to vary in some major aspects. More than we are actually aware of. Masculinity is usually described as the possession of the qualities traditionally associated with a man. While this definition is accurate, cultures throughout the world have decided to mold that meaning into what they think is correct and associates with their morals and customs and the Igbo culture is no exception to that statement. One of the major limitations Igbo culture presents is the flawed concept of a forced masculinity idealism. This appears to define Okonkwos life who, unconsciously, confuses masculinity and respect with being feared and to not express emotions towards others. In the eyes of Achebe we encounter several examples of Okonkwos indifference as the text explains his violent and ambitious behavior of wanting to over achieve his fathers legacy, which he interprets as weak and effeminate. We can only assume that the clans views of masculinity are, somewhat, similar to those of other cultures. Men are expected to protect their families and communities as well as to bring food to the table and enforce respect and several other values to his children to make them respected citizens.The clan seems to follow some of the basics of this concept, but not all of it. While a Western culture will try to enforce respect through discipline, mutual respect and comprehension, Igbo culture may try to do the same thing through fear and anger. But even if these cultures dont share the same concept of what masculinity stands for, the reader can clearly formulate that Okonkwos view of masculinity and being manly does not coincide with the clans. Okonkwo ruled his household with a heavy hand. His wives, especially the youngest, lived in perpetual fear of his fiery temper, and so did his little children. But his whole life was dominated by fear, the fear of failure and of weakness. (13 Achebe) As we start to read chapter two we are witnesses of the way Okonkwos interpretation differs from the clans. While the protagonist associates masculinity with anger and rage, therefore thinking that those are the only emotions hes able to express or otherwise he will be seen as weak. This is the reason why he beats his wives constantly by the most insignificant situations; Works Cited Achebe, Chinua. Things Fall Apart/ by Chinua Achebe. Anchor Books, 1994.

Essay about The Main Component in the Civil Rights...

You can go through any school in the country and ask if any students know who Rosa Parks is. The majority of these students will say that she refused to give up her seat up to a non colored man. These students really dont know how impactful her decision had on the United States of America. She was really the main component of the civil rights movement and that’s why she is known as the â€Å"mother of the civil rights movement†. She stood up for what she believed in, and in doing that she sparked and created the stepping stones to the civil rights movement era. Rosa Parks was a african american civil rights rights movement activist, and she was known as the â€Å"mother of the freedom movement†. Rosa Louise McCauley was born in tuskegee, Alabama†¦show more content†¦But sadly enough the NAACP wasn’t getting the publicity from the court cases they pursued, in the areas they lost majority of their cases mostly had to involve in lynching, flogging, peonage, murder and rape. Rosa Parks did a lot to help with the NAACP but she didnt gain the attention or really stand out(Haskins). I will be explaining why the Montgomery bus boycott movement began and how it came about to really jumpstart the civil rights movement that greatly affects us today. During alabama in this time the law for bus riding for african americans was that they had to pay their fare in the front of the bus then walk out to the rear entrance and sit in the back of the bus, they were not allowed to sit toward the front, according to Mary Hall an american author who wrote the biography of Rosa Parks (Hull). Also african americans werent allowed to sit until all the white passengers were seated first, and that forces them to seat farther back or just stand until they arrive to their stop. What also is ridiculous is that is that they are not allowed to sit across from the whites in the same row (Academy of Achievement). Even throughout all these rules, some bus drivers would just close their doors and take off before they get on leaving them stranded to find another bus for transportation. Salah 3 In 1955 Rosa Parks was coming home from her occupation as a seamstress, and she was planning to use the montgomery bus station. She boarded the bus andShow MoreRelatedImpact Of The Civil Rights Movement1383 Words   |  6 Pagesworld (Gandhi). Throughout the American history, the greatest number of people through an awkward to live peacefully. The Civil Right Movement in the United states has been a long, primarily nonviolent attempt to bring full civil rights and justice under the law to all Americans. The movement has sustained a lasting impact on the United States society. Before the civil right movement, the great migration of 1916- 1940, some blacks still lived in the south under the Jim crow, where state laws kept themRead MoreAfrican Americans : Same Fight For The Civil Rights Act Of 19681921 Words   |  8 Pagesas a person, and individuals who have been mistreated with cruelty and inequality. African Americans have been through all the pain and suffering to overcome accomp lishing different goals through history. Whether it was the Voting Rights Act of 1965 or the Civil Rights Act of 1968. After, memorable and remarkable individual accomplishments of African American men and women; even to this date, they are fighting for what their predecessors struggled to achieve, equality, freedom, and justice. HoweverRead MoreFreire s Theory Of The Oppressed And The Oppressor Collins, Brooks, And Kidd1628 Words   |  7 Pagesactivism, fellowship, solidarity, and reflection, it is these components that create the means for a successful path to liberation, while simultaneously allowing for the identification of personal and societal growth (Paulo Freire, Pedagogy of the Oppressed). Brooks, Collins, and Kidd’s novels serve to reflect Freire’s ideals through the plights of their main characters, who although not united in any way serve to reflect how Freire’s components of liberation are universally applicable. Ultimately, throughRead MoreSepti ma Clark and the Citizenship School Movement Essay2204 Words   |  9 Pages 2 Septima Poinsette Clark also known as the Mother of the Civil Rights Movement, (Crawford, 1993, p. 96) used education to empower others. 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The Battle of the Little Bighorn Free Essays

string(119) " battle going to be any different\? He needed Scouts, especially ones who could blend in, and this would be different\." In 1861 the US government introduced the reservation solution. Plains Indians were to be moved to designated areas known as reservations. There they would receive payments from the government and be taught the ways of the white men. We will write a custom essay sample on The Battle of the Little Bighorn or any similar topic only for you Order Now However the Indians who refused to surrender their lives and the Grace land that they and their brothers had lived upon, long before the white men’s unexpected arrival, soon disrupted this plan. The breaking of the treaty, which prevented white settlers to settle upon their land, and also them passing through it, angered Red Cloud. There were many Sioux attacks on travellers. These attacks went on for many years, until 1866. The US army ignored their accusations and set up forts along the reservation, to prevent further attacks. Red Cloud in disgust attacked the army. The forts, which had been built upon the Bozeman trail, were soon under siege. The Sioux alone were not strong enough to capture the forts, which were equipped with weaponry the Plains Indians had rarely see before, Rifles. Red Cloud kept a force of several Sioux Bands and had also allied with the Arapaho and the Cheyenne. The incentive, of their livelihoods spurred them on. They fort for many months. Red Cloud also had the vision to try and persuade the Crow, traditional enemies of the Sioux, to fight with his people. Although this did not happen, Red Cloud and his people fought on. In 1868 the government admitted that the Indians could not be defeated militarily. So the Us government signed the treaty of Fort Laramie, which saw the creation of the great Sioux Reservation. No non-Indians were to set foot inside this reservation. As soon as the army had left, the forts were burnt to the Ground. It was the start of many years of peace for Red Cloud. However not all of his people agreed with the life that they had been hand fed. Red Clouds power decreased and the Sioux now looked towards the more militant leaders such as Sitting Bull and Red Cloud. However there were worse times to come for the people of the Sioux. The Peace Treaty could not be maintained forever, could it? In 1874 a man by the name of George Armstrong Custer led the seventh Cavalry to the Black Hills, to see whether the area held, the shiny stone that the White Men craved. In doing this he broke the Peace Treaty of Fort Laramie, which had been signed 6 years earlier. Custer had found Gold, hills full of it, ‘From the grassroots down’. This enticed thousands of miners, in search of happiness to the area. The army could not prevent this, and the government did not want to. The Sioux did. The inhabitants attacked many miners. The Government of the United States offered huge sums of money, per year, to the Sioux, in return for the rights to the Gold that they were obviously not using! But the Indians were not interested in round pieces of metal, that the white men exchanged and they were bot willing to give up the Birthplace of their people up easily. In December 1875 all Sioux were ordered to return to their disturbed reservation. The Indian numbers made this hard. There were reported to be 7000 Indians, amongst them Crazy Horse and Sitting Bull. Sitting Bull refused to agree to reservation life, and so many Sioux looked upon him as their new leader. February 1876 saw the army been ordered that any Indians that was not inside the reservation were to be treated as Hostile. This led to a three- pronged campaign, ordered by General Philip Sheridan. The campaign that followed led to the Battle of the Little Bighorn. Bighorn being the mountain ranges where the battle was to take place. And so George Armstrong Custer and his 7th Cavalry set out along with two other parties to force the Indians back to their reservations. Custer rode along the Rosebud River with the men he had been allocated by General Terry. Whilst riding into position, Custer spotted the Sioux village about 15 miles ahead. Custer contemplated attacking, ignoring the conversation he had had with General Terry earlier, Terry: â€Å"Don’t be greedy, wait for us† Custer: â€Å"No, I won’t Little did any of them know, that this would be one of the most controversial and misinterpreted conversations, ever made? Custer ignored Terry’s orders and prepared to fight. He split his battalion up in three, and planned to send troops under Captain Frederick Benteen, who was ordered to prevent the Indian’s usual tactic or escaping. Another group of men were given to Major Marcus Reno, who was to pursue the group. Custer hoped to attack the camp from the North and South Simultaneously. By looking at the tactics he pre-prepared, you would come to the conclusion that he was a very intelligent man, with a lot of experience and will power. However, he was soon to realise that these tactics were not properly thought out, in fact they were soon to be the biggest mistake of his life. A life that, would not see another battle, or another day. Custer had not used his Scouts well; he had barely used them at all. He had Indian Scouts from the enemy tribe of the Sioux, who could of told him a great deal about the strength of the Indian Camp he was preparing to attack, about the firepower of the Indians and the terrain that surrounded the camp. Custer sidelined the scouts, he was the man that ran the show, he knew everything, and he was the noble and brave war veteran. Well, at least this is what he had thought, and if truth were told, so did his men. They had not lost under Custer; he was a respected and experienced Indian fighter. He had never needed scouts before, why was this battle going to be any different? He needed Scouts, especially ones who could blend in, and this would be different. You read "The Battle of the Little Bighorn" in category "Papers" Little did George Armstrong Custer know that the Indian camp he was about to attack with only his battalion was three times his strength, containing not only Sioux, but also Cheyenne warriors. Custer’ s plan was put into action: Reno’s squadron of 175 soldiers attacked the northern end of the camp. Quickly finding themselves in a desperate battle with little hope of surviving, Reno halted his charging men before they could be trapped and killed, they fought for ten minutes in un-orderly state, hoping that it wasn’t going to be their scalps upon the mass of tee-pees they saw before them. Reno withdrew his men into the woods that lined the river. When that position proved indefensible, they retreated uphill to the bluffs east of the river, pursued hotly by f Cheyenne and Sioux Warriors. Just as they finished driving the soldiers out, the Indians sighted roughly 200 of Custer’s men coming towards them, through the tough terrain at the other end of the village. This then took the pressure off of Reno’s men. Cheyenne and Hunk papa Sioux together crossed the river and locked horns with the advancing soldiers, forcing them back to a high ridge to the north. Meanwhile, another force, largely Oglala Sioux under the command of Crazy Horse, swiftly moved downstream and doubled back in a sweeping arc. This boxed the un-defeated men of the 7th cavalry enveloping Custer and his men in a pincer move. The Indians began pouring in gunfire and arrows. Gunfire came from Winchester repeating Rifles. Rifles that they traded with white men for fur. The exact rifle that Custer had ordered to be left behind, as this would hold his men up, in a battle where, he thought, guns were not necessary. Custer thought a lot of things would weigh him down. The gattling Guns, Sabres and extra troops for example. All because he thought they’d slow him down. But how much he would of wanted them despite their ‘weight’, whilst surrounded by the ‘savages’ he had promised to leave in peace. The peace was broken, and so was Custer’s plan. As the Indians closed in, Custer ordered his men to shoot their horses and stack the carcasses to form a wall, but they provided little protection against bullets. In under an hour, Custer and his men were killed in the worst American military disaster ever. Proving that Custer was greedy and Custer didn’t wait. There were many factors that led to the defeat of Custer. However by reading the facts about the war, above, you can see that Custer eyes were clouded over. An urgency to go down in American history as the noblest man, the greatest Indian slayer and most of all The President of the United States. A great Indian slayer should be able defeat a camp of Indians on his own? This was why George Custer did not use Scouts. Therefore he ran into a camp that was 3 or 4 times larger than he had first anticipated. So the men he obtained, of which he thought he had sufficient were out numbered 3 to 1. This obviously was a huge factor to why he and his men were slain. He did not expect to come across a camp of this size, let alone a camp that were equipped with a greater fire power than his squadron. This was another factor. Custer had not expected the Indians to have Guns as well as the knifes and bows and arrows they were expected to own. This meant Custer’s men were facing 3 times as many warriors as he had, who were more equipped in the white mans fire arms than them. Having known this a war veteran would have surely come up with alternative tactics. So you see, lack of and misinterpreted information led to unsuitable tactics. It was like a chain of events. Lack of knowledge meant lack of weapons and firepower, which meant poor tactics. This lack of knowledge could have so easily been avoided, by sending out some of their many Indian Scouts. Who could have quite easily got an insight into the size and firepower that the rival Indians had. But Custer’ eyes were clouded with greed, he needed no scouts. Custer definitely went down in history. He went down as the General who led his men into worst military disaster in American History. What happened to the Sioux after the battle? Although the Indians won the Battle of the Little Bighorn, it was not a major event in Sioux history. Knowing that there would be severe punishment for their victory, the Indians immediately split up and traveled on so that the U. S. Cavalry would have a difficult time trying to find them. Eventually, they would be forced to live on reservations as their land went into the hands of the U. S. government for mining and farming. Something the Indians did not do or intend on doing. They had fought hard in a losing battle. They had success in the Battle of the Little Bighorn, but had lost their way of life. Their victory attracted even more discrimination and racism and gave the white men an extra incentive to wipe out the Plains Indians altogether. They would now be forced to live as the white men, be taught to farm crops and live in captivity. Some Indians killed themselves rather than live a false life with their humiliated and half annihilated brothers. So the Battle of the Little Bighorn was not really a victory for the Indians. They had fought with their lives, and what had they won, a life of shame, cruelty and eventually death. The reward for their victory was nothing. How to cite The Battle of the Little Bighorn, Papers

Assurance Services and Ethics in Australia-Samples for Students

Questions: 1.Explain how your results influence your planning decisions for the audit for the year ending 30 June 2015 2.Explain why it is a risk and how it may affect the risk of material misstatement in the financial report. 3.a Based on the background information for DIPL contained in the case, identify and explain two key fraud risk factors relating to misstatements arising from fraudulent financial reporting to which DIPL may be susceptible. b.Explain how the risk factors identified in (a) above would affect the conduct of the (a) audit. Answers: 1.There are several types of analytical processes that can be applied in order to make both financial and non-financial decisions of the company. When it comes to the background information of DIPL Ltd, the same processes can play a key role in ascertaining whether the data forming part of its financial statements depict a true and fair view of its performance. In other words, analytical processes can prove to be of immense benefit in identifying any material misstatements prevalent in the financials of a company (Ghandar Tsahuridu, 2013). Moreover, making use of such analytical procedures can assist an auditor to perform the audit process with more ease and effectiveness. There are many types of analytical processes that can be used in this regard, and it depends upon an auditor to ascertain which process is more suitable for performing the audit function. In the given case of DIPL Ltd, the following analytical processes can be taken into account: There may be a probability that the figures incorporated in the accounts of creditors and debtors are not appropriately settled or collected by the officials of the company. Therefore, it is important to verify the balances of the accounts of debtors and creditors so that any inaccuracies, which are present, can be mitigated to the fullest. Besides, it may happen that the company does not have any adequate information associated with the same. Therefore, if the company is unaware of such a scenario, material misstatement can incur, thereby affecting the decision-making on the part of auditors. Another analytical process that can be implemented in the case of DIPL is by making a comparison of the financial information of present year with that of the previous years. Besides, such comparison of the current year can also be conducted with the forecasts for future or with an industry engaged in the similar line of business (Guan et. al, 2008). With the help of this comparison, the variations in patterns can be taken into account to make relevant decisions for deciding the future course of action. The relevance of using trend can be attributed to the fact that the alterations in accounts can be taken into consideration for making effective decisions. Besides, the reason behind such alterations can also be known and evaluated respectively. For instance, trend analysis can be conducted by making a comparison of sales with that of previous years in order to evaluate the increase or decrease in patterns. Hence, if there is a decrease in sales, it is not a good sign for the company. Similarly, if there is an enhancement in sales figures, it is a good indicator but the auditor must cautiously observe any significant increase in amounts because it may either be influenced or occurred due to some error. It is therefore vital that the auditor take relevant steps to verify the sales amount from the authenticated documents. Furthermore, such comparison can also be conducted with companies engaged in the similar line of businesses so that variations can again be evaluated to identify mana gement problems that persist owing to decline in patterns (Cappelleto, 2010). Another process that can be utilized to identify material misstatements in the financials of DIPL Ltd is ratio analysis. For instance, ratios like profitability ratio, liquidity ratio, solvency ratios, etc can be taken into account to evaluate the pattern of alterations in the financial statements. In the case of DIPL Ltd, ratio analysis has been conducted for identifying such patterns over the period of three years. Firstly, profitability ratios like net profit ratio and gross profit ratio have been shown. Secondly, liquidity ratio like current ratio has been shown. Thirdly, solvency ratio like debt-equity ratio has also been shown. Profitability Ratio Gross profit ratio 2013 2014 2015 Gross profit (I) 6004500 6079500 6604500 Sales (II) 34212000 37699500 43459500 GP ratio (I/II) 17.55% 16.13% 15.19% Net profit ratio 2013 2014 2015 Net profit (I) 2359190 2291362 2972183 Sales (II) 34212000 37699500 43459500 NP ratio (I/II) 6.90% 6.08% 6.84% In relation to the profitability ratios, an auditor can evaluate the changes in ratio to determine whether the company is capable of converting its revenue into profits. From the above computation, it can be seen that the net profit ratio of DIPL have been stagnant over the years as it does not change significantly. This depicts that the company has been effective in this segment (Guerard, 2013). However, the gross profit ratio has shown a declining trend over these years that is not a good sign for the company in relation to profitability. Liquidity Ratio Current Ratio 2013 2014 2015 Current assets 5385938 7509150 9600929 Current liabilities 3780000 5120250 6397500 CA/CL 1.42 1.47 1.50 Quick Ratio 2013 2014 2015 Quick assets 3129750 4837788 5420429 Current liabilities 3780000 5120250 6397500 Quick ratio = Quick assets/ Current liabilities 0.827976 0.944834 0.847273 In relation to the liquidity ratio, the auditor can analyze the patterns to analyze whether the company is capable of paying off its obligations within one year. From the above computation, it can be seen that the current ratio of DIPL have been stagnant over the years, which indicates that it is able to pay off its obligations in the future. Moreover, the normal current ratio of any company must be 1:1 (Guerard, 2013). Going by the quick ratio, it can be commented that the company is near to the ideal ratio and since quick ratio is a better indicator than the current ratio, the ratio indicates high level of liquidity. The ratio has dropped marginally in the year 2015 however, it is closed to the base ratio meaning that the company abounds in liquidity. Solvency Ratio Debt Equity Ratio 2013 2014 2015 Debt 3780000 5120250 13897500 Equity 9150000 10783650 12250491 Debt/Equity 0.41 0.47 1.13 In relation to the solvency ratio, an auditor can evaluate whether the company is capable in addressing its short and long-term liabilities in the future. From the above computation, it can be seen that the debt equity ratio of DIPL has significantly increased over the years, which is not a good indicator because there must be a balance betwixt both equity and debt. Besides, in 2015, the ratio surpassed the normal rate of one that depicts ineffectiveness on the companys part in meeting its liabilities (Northington, 2011). An auditor to evaluate the position of DIPL Ltd can use all the ratios computed above. However, he must apply his expertise and skills in order to arrive at a conclusion. 2.There are few risks that are prevalent in the financial statements of a company, and even though proper internal control functions are in place, yet these risks are not fully mitigated. Such risks are commonly known as inherent risks (Messier, 2013). Besides, in the case of DIPL, the inherent risks that can be witnessed from its business operations are as follows: Termination of the previous information technology system From the given information, it can be viewed that a decision has been made by DIPL Ltd to implement a new information technology system for better accounting measures. Even though the adoption of such system has been made for better accounting strategies, yet proper steps have not been taken by the company to implement the new system in place of the old one. In other words, the company failed to provide adequate training facilities to its workforce and even failed to hire additional employees that were required for the adoption of the new system (Bhasin, 2008). As a result, present employees were not sufficient to cater the requirements of being accustomed to the new system. Besides, there is an inherent risk that every employee has adequate access to the new information technology system. In relation to this, it must be noted that only the executives and accountants must be given prior access to the system so that in case of contingencies, only such individuals can remain answerable to the company (Matthew, 2015). Altogether, because of inadequate steps conducted by the company before the adoption of the new system, few accounting figures were not recorded in the new system, and that might have affected the financial statements on a bad note (Cappelleto, 2010). Appointment being done by person possessing financial interest In relation to the available business information of DIPL Ltd, it can be viewed that the fresh appointment of the Chief Executive Officer is not an effective one because he pursues a financial interest with the company. The reason behind such financial interest can be attributed to the fact that such CEO has been granted an opportunity wherein he will attain a ten percent share in the profits of the company if a growth of more than ten percent revenues can be witnessed. The inherent risk prevalent in this case is that the CEO is in a position wherein he will endeavor to enhance the revenues of the company, and for such purpose, he might make use of fraudulent ways to manipulate the accounts so that an enhancement in revenues can be witnessed (Hoffelder 2012). In addition to this, such CEO has taken steps to appoint an internal audit team for the company who is under his control and may work under him to hide the manipulation being done in the company financials. Therefore, this is al so another inherent risk for DIPL Ltd that can play a key role in altering the planning decisions. Nevertheless, in relation to this, if the CEO had not appointed the internal audit team and instead, the Board would have undertaken such task, such risk would not have incurred (Parker et. al, 2011). Therefore, these two inherent risks pose a big threat to the effective functioning of the company, and corrective actions must be immediately implemented so that such risks do not hamper the entire business operations. 3.aThere are two fraud risks that are prevalent in the financials of DIPL Ltd and that may affect its smooth flow of operations. After the adoption of the new system, it was visible that prior steps were not undertaken by the company to terminate the previous system. As a result, many entries that were conducted last year were not recorded in the new accounting system. However, this fraud might have been done because of fraudulent intention of the managers or the accountants so that the accounting figures could be manipulated and the accounts department could be easily misled (Elder et. al, 2010). This mentioned fraud risk could also be witnessed in the financial statement of DIPL Ltd since its cash balances have depicted a major fall in the year 2015. Since no other reason behind the decline in cash can be witnessed; such risk appropriately suits the scenario. The second fraud risk that can be viewed in the financials of DIPL is the significant increment in the level of inventories. The reason why this increment is aligned to a fraud risk is that the level of sales was also immense over the years, which means that the inventories must depict a declining figure but instead, it depicted an upwards trend that raises dubiousness (Arens et. al, 2013). Therefore, it may be possible that the management fraudulently enhanced its level of inventories in the financial statements so that an increased amount of profits can also be shown. b.If the fraudulent practices mentioned above have been done either by the management or with the permission of the management, not only the quality of audit but also the opinion of auditor will be badly influenced. In relation to the first fraud risk, it may happen that the entries that were not recorded in the new accounting system were of big amounts, thereby creating a big complication for the auditor to detect the same (Arens et. al, 2013). This is because the auditor might require some time to get accustomed to the new system and he may not find detection of amounts from the old system. Thus, the audit report will be influenced due to such fraud. In relation to the second fraud risk mentioned above, if the amounts of inventories had been enhanced by the management in order to depict high profits in the income statement, it may result in inappropriateness because such figures of profits are hypothetical and not the real ones (Heeler, 2009). Therefore, if the auditor does not tak e proper steps to identify the same, there will be material misstatements in the financials of DIPL and as a result, he may prove incapable in ascertaining the truthfulness and completeness of the company financials (Jubb, 2012). Thus, it is relevant to know that the auditor is under an obligation to take into consideration every aspect of the financials so that the truthfulness can be ascertained. Moreover, if he does not prove capable of detecting the risks, a true and fair view of the companys performance cannot be obtained. References Arens, A. A, Best, P. J, Shailer, G. E. P Loebbecke, J. K, 2013, Assurance Services and Ethics in Australia, 9th ed, Australia: Pearson. Bhasin, M. L 2008, Corporate Governance and Role of the Forensic Accountant, The Chartered Secretary Journal, vol. 38, no. 10, pp. 1361-1368. Cappelleto, G. 2010, Challenges Facing Accounting Education in Australia, AFAANZ, Elder, J. R, Beasley S. M. Arens A. A 2010, Auditing and Assurance Services, Person Ghandar, A Tsahuridu, E 2013, The Auditing Handbook 2013, Australia: Pearson. Guan, L, Kaminski, K. A Wetzel, T. S 2008, Can Investors Detect Fraud Using Financial Statements: An Exploratory Study, Advances in Public Interest Accounting vol. 13, pp. 17-34. Guerard, J 2013,Introduction to financial forecasting in investment analysis, New York, NY: Springer, pp. 78-81 Heeler, D 2009, Audit Principles, Risk Assessment Effective Reporting. Pearson Press Hoffelder, K 2012, New Audit Standard Encourages More Talking, Harvard Press. Jubb, C 2012, Auditing: A Business Risk Approach, Australia: Cengage Matthew S. E 2015, Does Internal Audit Function Quality Deter Management Misconduct?, The Accounting Review, vol. 90, no. 2, pp. 495-527 Messier, F. W 2013, Auditing and Assurance Services - A systematic approach, 9th ed. Australia: McGraw Hill. Northington, S 2011, Finance, New York, NY: Ferguson's, pp. 52-55 Parker, L, Guthrie, J Linacre, S 2011, The relationship between academic accounting research and professional practice, Accounting, Auditing Accountability Journal, vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 5-14